11:05:57 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Who keeps track of how many GPS stations there are across the U.S.?
11:07:34 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : I think this was said, but just want to check -- the same station can measure lateral and vertical?
11:08:34 From Alissa White to Everyone : That's right, all three from 1 station
11:08:42 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Thanks!
11:08:43 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : Yes, lateral and vertical……we have an introductory-level module all about using GPS to measure the Earth. The unit on tectonics focuses on the N/S and W/E components. Check it out!
11:09:26 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Thanks! Yes, I got to do the tectonics/CA earthquake risk vector mini-course a couple months ago and enjoyed it.
11:10:01 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : That's so cool that this wasn't even expected!
11:14:06 From Carolyn Dowling to Everyone : Please send the link for the water resources for hte majors too
11:14:21 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : GETSI  https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/index.html
11:14:46 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Today’s Intro module - https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/teaching_materials/water_challenges/index.html
11:14:59 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Majors-level module - https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/teaching_materials/water_resources/index.html
11:15:54 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : @Dana - I agree - the “wow we found so many other things that GPS can be used for” factor is cool for us as scientists and for students
11:16:21 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : If you want to see the infographic about the broad range of applications - https://www.unavco.org/education/outreach/infographics/infographics.html
11:16:29 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : For GPS
11:22:09 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : I like the sound of this Unit - Becca, did it take you 1 class period? 2?
11:22:17 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Participant page https://docs.google.com/document/d/1w8Unw92kXyW8f5MjPgFtJChx9_Bpg4rxaxiIA-a2MIM/edit#
11:24:09 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : @Dana…..the part that I do during class is the method discussion and the exercise with different time series. I’d say approximately 1.5-2 hours (I’m at a 2YC with class sizes around 25 students.)
11:42:13 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : I did that pre-covid and it worked well.
11:42:14 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : that's a good idea to laminate
11:44:40 From Dr. Muhammad Ahmed Farooqui to Everyone : It was a good exercise, but a little more time would have been great to absorb the "technology shocks"
11:44:59 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Yes we definitely give quite a bit more time for students
11:45:28 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : interesting. I had our students use annotate quite a bit, but i do like the option of the arrows and text boxes there
11:45:43 From Carolyn Dowling to Everyone : Someone mentioned that we need to introduce the software earlier so they are more comfortable.
11:47:21 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : @Carolyn, agreed. You’ll see in Unit 2 that Excel is an option, and I spend a few minutes with students walking them through how to “hover” over the data in Excel.
11:49:59 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : one reservoir and transport we didn't see what volcanic eruptions :)
11:50:05 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : *was
11:52:14 From Suzanne O'Connell to Everyone : I have to go to another meeting, but hope to get back to see the rest of this.
11:53:50 From Antoinette Abeyta to Everyone : Is this also referred to the Ogallala aquifer?
11:53:54 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : This is also known as the Ogallala aquifer, yes?
11:54:01 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : ^aha
11:54:29 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Yes same aquifer
11:55:13 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Students seem pretty comfortable with Google Sheets as well.
11:55:22 From Janie Johnston to Everyone : Beth do your students have access to Numbers?
11:55:51 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Google sheets is more widely available but it does not have as good hover-over feature as Excel, I’m afraid
11:56:10 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Ohhh, interesting. I'll have to look at that.
11:56:40 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : As for Numbers, that is Mac-based so mostly majors-level students have Mac is my experience. Not so much gen Education courses
12:24:46 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : I’ve found it very helpful for students to have hard copies of all of these data as well as (ideally) Excel.
12:30:33 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : that happens with annotate sometimes!
12:31:50 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : It would be interesting to have estimate of total volume of local aquifer
12:32:03 From Carolyn Dowling to Everyone : What about confined vs unconfined?
12:32:04 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : I'm assuming GW-2 is much bigger.
12:34:17 From Shaina Sadai (she/her) to Everyone : There is a typo in the units on that slide
12:34:34 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : Thanks for reminding me—I let Beth know.
12:38:41 From Alex Manda to Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her)(Direct Message) : When calculating the volume of water lost, shouldn't storage (specific yield) be included in the computation?
12:39:46 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Alex Manda(Direct Message) : GRACE is measuring the mass change, so the relative sed vs water volume isn’t needed
12:40:21 From Alex Manda to Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her)(Direct Message) : Got it
12:40:37 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/workshops/virtual_mini_shortcourse/course_9/end_workshop_feedback_implemen.html
12:41:25 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : For everyone’s reference, the typo that was mentioned on the slide was as follows: in the equation on the right side of the slide, it should read 453,000 square km, not km. IT has been changed on the slides and the powerpoint.
12:42:35 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : If you have any questions/comments/etc., feel free to ask verbally or add them to the chat box.
12:42:39 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/teaching_materials/water_resources/index.html - majors modu;e
12:42:52 From Shaina Sadai (she/her) to Everyone : Thank you!
12:43:50 From Dr. Muhammad Ahmed Farooqui to Everyone : The mismatch between GRACE data and traditional groundwater data needs more explanation. 
12:45:38 From Ginny Peterson (she/her) to Everyone : I am curious about whether you have tried to somehow add the two GW water data sets together in excel to see how they match the Grace data - is this a valid approach?
12:47:56 From Dr. Muhammad Ahmed Farooqui to Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her)(Direct Message) : How GRACE will respond in case of two or more aquifers in the same area at different depths? 
12:49:01 From Alex Manda to Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her)(Direct Message) : Adding the data sets is not valid because the  GW data are point data from specific locations.
12:49:06 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Dr. Muhammad Ahmed Farooqui(Direct Message) : This is a case of two relatively separate aquifers at different depths. The GRACE simply sees overall changes in the gravity field. Humans need to then interpret where/how that mass is changing.
12:49:43 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : I know I can look at the instructor stories on the GETSI site, but since we have experienced instructors here -- how many previous lectures/class periods on water do you give before diving into these? I suppose there's probably more in Unit 1 but I'm thinking concepts like water table, confined/unconfined, etc...
12:50:51 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : I do absolutely nothing before diving into Unit 1……then I do the SW Colorado case study (unit 2.2), and then comes groundwater.
12:51:03 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : Before I start the High Plains case study, here’s what I do:
12:52:04 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : —some basic groundwater terminology, some groundwater contouring, and an exercise that Karen Kortz made (it’s part of the SERC Teach the Earth collection) on groundwater contamination.
12:52:25 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : After that, I feel like they know what they need to know to start tackling the High Plains case study.
12:53:03 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : But as several people have pointed out, it’s a complex exercise……which is why I save it for last. It is definitely, for my students, more time and labor intensive than the surface water case study.
12:53:06 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Thanks! And this is all in lecture period? Do you have a lab or do anything in lab?
12:53:37 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : In a face-to-face environment, my physical geology class is a combined lecture/lab and meets twice a week for 3 hours each.
12:53:52 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : Online, I’m meeting with them twice a week for as close to 3 hours as we can all stand. :)
12:54:04 From Dana Thomas (she/her) to Everyone : Ahhh, alright. Thanks.
12:54:34 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/teaching_materials/water_challenges/index.html
12:54:49 From Becca Walker (Mt. San Antonio College) to Everyone : I have students do all of the prep work and reading outside of class time to maximize class time for working on the exercises themselves.
12:54:50 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Share Your Experience surveys - https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/share_experience.html
12:56:25 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : https://serc.carleton.edu/getsi/teaching_materials/high-precision/equipment.html
12:56:30 From Beth Pratt-Sitaula (she/her) to Everyone : Borrow GPS equipment
12:57:07 From Jennifer Lewis to Everyone : Thank you!  This was great.  Really appreciate the opportunity to participate today.